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The Chinese nationality is also referred as the Zhonghua Minzu. In China, there are 56 types of Chinese ethnic groups. The communication between different ethnic groups, foreign nationals who have become Chinese citizens form another separate group. Therefore, it is difficult to determine the number of people in China. To call the Chinese “Zhonghua Minzu” is a common name for Han Chinese, 55 Minorities and other unclassified members.
The history of Chinese Nationality
The immediate roots of the Zhonghua Minzu lie in the Qing Dynasty founded by the Manchu clan Aisin Gioro in the Northeast China. At the end of the Manchu’s regime, China was invaded by capitalist countries. The citizens have their own reasons of invading the Qing Government, which made them so angry that they reject Manzhu including the “Zhonghua Minzu”. This rejection did not fade until the People's Republic of China founded.
Originally coined by the late Qing philologist Liang Qichao, the Zhonghua Minzu initially referred only to the Han Chinese. It was then expanded to include the Five Races Under One Union, based on the ethnic categories of the Qing. This concept was further expended by Dr. Sun Yatsen.
The concept of Zhonghua Minzu was first publicly espoused by President Yuan Shikai in 1912, shortly after the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty and the founding of the Republic of China. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the concept of Zhonghua Minzu is seen as an category consisting of people within the borders of the PRC.
This term has continued to be invoked and remains a powerful concept in China into the 21st century. In the mainland China, it continues to hold use as the leaders of China need to unify into one political entity as a highly diverse set of ethnic and social groups as well as to mobilize the support of overseas Chinese in developing China.
Chinese Nationality Policies
Equality, unity, mutual help and common prosperity are the basic principles of the Chinese government in handling the relations between ethnic groups. Self-government of Ethnic Groups is a characteristic nationality policy of China. In accordance with its basic nationality policies, China practices a system of self-government. Where national minorities live in compact communities, autonomous organs of self-government are established under the unified leadership of the Central Government.
Self-government in ethnic group autonomous areas is affected through the local people's congress and people's government at the particular level. The practice of regional national autonomy allows ethnic groups to enjoy the same equal rights as the Han. To enable ethnic groups to fully exercise their equal rights in managing their own internal affairs, as well as participating in the management of state affairs, the central government has always regarded it as an important policy to foster a dependent of ethnic minority cadres who have moral integrity and are professionally competent.
Advantages and disadvantages of being a Multi-National State
The most efficient benefit of being a multinational unitary state is that the multiple ethnic cultures vary Chinese culture. Although most of the nationalities can be seen as ethnic groups, the correspondence is not one to one. The degree of integration of minorities’ nationality with the national community varies widely from group to group. For example, people of ethnic minorities are good at singing and dancing, every ethnic group has its own special style of dance.
On the contrary, being a multi-national state, it will have more or less conflicts between different ethnics. In order to deal with this conflict, the most difficult task would be the people.
Information by ChinaTraveldepot
News source: http://www.chinatraveldepot.com/C247-Chinese-nationalitya
